Polyethylene wax (PE wax) is a low-molecular-weight polymer additive used in many industries thanks to its lubricating effect, suitable thermal stability, high hardness and abrasion resistance. It is usually supplied as a white or off-white, odorless solid, and because of its non-polar, water-repellent structure it is well compatible with polyethylene and other non-polar polymers. The melting point, viscosity and density of polyethylene wax vary depending on the grade and its technical specifications.

Lubricants in the polymer industry are divided into two groups: internal and external. Internal lubricants reduce friction between molecular chains, which helps improve material flow, lower process pressure and improve processability. External lubricants, on the other hand, reduce the adhesion of the polymer melt to the metal surfaces of the equipment and the friction between the material and the metal, and can help control process temperature and improve the surface quality of the product. In PVC compounds, the type and dosage of lubricant are very important, because the balance between internal and external lubrication affects melt flow, surface quality and processing conditions. Depending on its structure and formulation, polyethylene wax acts mainly as an external lubricant in PVC compounds.

Key features of polyethylene wax include low viscosity in the molten state, suitable hardness, thermal stability, abrasion resistance and chemical stability. It can also help reduce friction, improve mold release, increase surface slip and improve the dispersion of pigments and additives in some formulations. Its performance depends on factors such as molecular weight, melting point, dosage, polymer type and process conditions.

Polyethylene wax is used in many industries, including the production of color and additive masterbatches, PVC compounds, pipes and fittings, profiles, wall panels, flooring, calendered products and polymer granules. It is also used in polyolefin processing, polyethylene wire and cable production, the rubber and elastomer industries, coatings, printing inks, paints, hot-melt adhesives, textiles, polishes and some packaging coatings. In each of these applications, choosing the right grade can help improve the production process, surface quality and performance of the final product.

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